A Lighthouse Connection

One of the most interesting things that came out of our presentation last weekend was a discussion with our new board member, Brenda Swann, who is also the Deputy Director of Collections, Interpretation, and Programs at the St. Augustine Lighthouse and Museum. As such, she’s very much aware of the history of this wonderful site and its local connections, and she told us a fascinating story about the one of the first female lighthouse keepers (and first female Coasties) in the US.

One of the vaults in Tolomato bears the name “Andreu,” a Minorcan name that is now fairly widely distributed throughout St Johns County.  The vault bears a plaque dedicated to M. R. Andreu, given by his daughter, Nina. No date is given, and even the name of his wife is not given. 

The first Andreu buried at Tolomato seems to have been Marcos Andreu, who died in 1793. He was married to a woman whose name, based on the handwritten record I have, was Mariana Tedori.

Among their descendants was Juan Andreu, who was appointed the very first official lighthouse keeper of the St Augustine Light in 1824, 3 years after Florida became a Territory of the US.  His cousin, Joseph Andreu, became the lighthouse keeper in 1855, but sadly he fell to his death in 1859 while painting the lighthouse. 

At this point, Joseph’s widow, Maria de los Dolores Mestres, took over and became the lighthouse keeper and, technically, a member of the Coast Guard, since lighthouse keepers were considered members of the US Coast Guard.  Records exist of other women lighthouse keepers in the US, although she is certainly the first one of Hispanic descent.  She was the keeper until the outbreak of the Civil War, when the light was extinguished because St Augustine, a Confederate town, feared that it might guide Union troops to the city and aid their blockade of the port.

Maria also traces her lineage way back: Mestres was the Catalan (Minorcan) name that eventually was Anglicized to Masters, a name that any visitor to St Augustine will see on numerous businesses, buildings and even streets in the county.

All of these people are buried at Tolomato, although markers, as usual, are scarce.  But any members of the Andreu family who might have more information are invited to get in touch with the TCPA and build the record of their family.  (By the way, any errors in this account are mine, and not Brenda’s!)

Brenda also told us another interesting thing:  On the third weekend in February, the Lighthouse is hosting a “Sea Your History” event, including a sea-related presentation on Saturday by scholars from the Smithsonian. You can get more information by clicking here.  It’s the same weekend as our February Open Day, but you’d have time for both events!

You can also contribute to the knowledge base.  The door prize for attendees will be a DNA testing kit ($200 value), which is part of a project to build a worldwide database of migrations of the human population out of Africa…and even to St Augustine.

Another Opening, Another Show…

Here are your happy TCPA program presenters, celebrating after a truly wonderful group presentation at the Bishop Baker Center in St Augustine.  Left to right, we are: Elizabeth Gessner (I was  the MC and also discussed a few artistic views of Tolomato), Alicia Maskley (Preservation); Sarah Miller (Ground Penetrating Radar and Archaeology); Nick McAuliffe (Historical Records and Research); and Louise Kennedy (Genealogy and Burial Research). These are rather general descriptions of each person’s talk, but the overall idea was to give attendees an idea of what we do and to introduce them to some concepts in both preservation and historical interpretation of historic cemeteries, Tolomato in particular.  We also introduced the current board and elected our new board members, Greg Phillips and Brenda Swann.

Each of us did a 10-minute segment about our various specialties, and then the attendees had time for questions.  I have heard that there’s a video of the event, and depending on the quality, I may post it.

We also did a sneak preview of a new project…but if you weren’t there, you’ll have to wait for the formal announcement!  That’s a good reason to come to your TCPA events: to avoid the suspense. 

Looking at Tolomato

 

The photo above shows a wintry day at Tolomato Cemetery…a cold and breezy day, without many people walking the streets of St Augustine.  But warmer weather will come again, and we’re getting ready for the Spring visiting season. Although on our last Open Day this Saturday, which had similarly cold weather, we had a record of nearly 500 visitors…so perhaps the weather really doesn’t matter to most people.

We’re going to start this year by taking a long look at Tolomato, historically, in its material details, and even from its archaeological aspect at a special event this coming Sunday, January 27, at 3:00 pm at the Bishop Baker Center in St Augustine (159 St George Street, on the grounds of Cathedral Parish School).  Our gifted docents will present different ways of looking at Tolomato, ranging from our collection of historic photographs, to the diocesan records so beloved of genealogists, to underground GPR explorations and an inside view of our exciting preservation work.

Don’t miss this event if you’re interested in Tolomato Cemetery.  The presentation is free and there’s free on-site parking.

And this time we’re making a special request:  if you have any historic or even not so historic photos, postcards or other views of Tolomato Cemetery, bring them!  We’ll scan or photograph them with your documentary information about them for our permanent collection, and time permitting, we may even show a couple of them to the audience.  We are very eager to get more photos of Tolomato over the years, and anything you have is very welcome.  It doesn’t have to be very, very old: even a photo of your Aunt Maude taken in front of the gate in the 1980s would do!

We’re all looking forward to Sunday!

New Genealogy and Research Desk at Tolomato

 

We have set up a research table at the southwest corner of the Varela Chapel to aid in genealogy searches on our Third Saturday open days. Tolomato is the final resting place for many St. Augustine residents, about 1,000 of whom are buried there. While there are only about 105 markers remaining, they are visible lessons in history with a wealth of information to share about the people that are buried there. Your ancestor’s tombstone may be the only physical evidence of the life he or she has lived, and the information on it is important in tracing the story.

Below, Nick McAuliffe takes a group on a tour.

In addition to the transcriptions of inscriptions of the markers, we have information about those people whose graves have no markers. Many visitors come with genealogy questions, and we now have copies of the Cathedral Parish Records, the St. Johns County Death Records, and a map of our cemetery available to help them. We also have a copy of Matthew Kear’s thesis, In Reverence: A Plan for the Preservation of Tolomato Cemetery, St. Augustine, Florida, which established a framework for the Tolomato Preservation Project and provides detailed information on the cemetery. We are adding new material to our research collection as we find it. I am at the desk and ready and eager to help visitors every Third Saturday.

                                                             - Louise Kennedy

Our two “18th century docents,” Louise Kennedy and Lin Masley.

I think that I shall never see…

….A poem lovely as a tree. If you didn’t have to learn this when you were in 4th grade, I can tell you it’s a poem written long ago by the poet Joyce Kilmer (he died in WWI) and was so popular it was even put to music.  However, there’s a negative side to trees.

When they grow up in untended cemeteries or any untended space, trees are an inexorable force that can take over. At Tolomato, there are many trees that have simply rooted themselves over the years, decades and centuries, and are now ripping up grave enclosures, toppling markers, and generally misbehaving.  In our last post, you probably read about the tree that took over Hector Adams’ marker, but that tree is only one of many.

Now we’re trying to prevent this. Just yesterday, a company hired by the Cathedral Basilica came in and took out our most menacing tree, a huge sugarberry that was completely hollow inside and dead everywhere except one little streak of living wood that ran up on the west side and nourished a branch or two. Branches dropped off every time there was rain or wind, and we actually did not open the cemetery last month because it was windy and we were worried about the risk to the public.

The sugarberry, or hackberry, is a member of the elm family and can be a pretty tree, but is considered a “trash tree” in Florida because of its rapid self-seeding and aggressive growth. It secretes a sticky dew that damages the surface of anything under it and also produces a small purple berry that birds love.  But after they’ve eaten it, watch out! Many of our markers in that area are stained from the sugarberry-eating birds.

The sugarberry is actually rather fragile and can start to die from any injury. This specimen did not appear to have any injuries, but perhaps it had lost branches in a storm or something had enabled infection to enter. In any case, it was nearly completely hollow, both in the trunk and the main limbs, and removing it was the only thing that could be done.  So now we have a mound of chips. 

We will probably plant an upright tree to take its place. An upright tree such as the long-lived sabal palm or the red cedar was suggested. Both of them already exist at Tolomato, and in fact the same job took out the remains of a red cedar that had been dead for years but was being held up by the neighboring palm tree, as you can see below. 

We will begin to look at our tree options. In any case, the arborist told us not to worry. Now that now that the sugarberry is gone, the two oak trees – the big one by the gate and the younger one along the north fence - will begin to reach towards the sun and each other and fill in that space.

Veterans’ Day at Tolomato Cemetery

Tolomato Cemetery has the graves of many veterans, including veterans of both sides of the Civil War, and our last preservation work day focused on repairing some of these headstones. We cleaned numerous markers, but the biggest project of the day – actually, it took two days – was the straightening of the marker of Hector Adams,  who died in 1876 and had served in the United States Colored Troops during the Civil War.  These were regiments set up by the Union Army specifically for the recently emancipated African Americans.  The Emancipation Proclamation was read in St Augustine in 1863 and Hector Adams joined the 21st Regiment, Company A, at Fernandina Beach on June 3, 1863, along with Frank Papy, who is also buried at Tolomato.

Hector Adams and Frank Papy both have the military markers provided by the Veterans Administration, probably shortly after their deaths in the 1870s.  We cleaned Frank Papy’s marker, as you see in the photo above, and then set about straightening Hector Adams’ marker, which had been tipped over and pushed off of his grave site by an aggressive palm tree that had been allowed to grow up on the site.  Unfortunately, once we had opened the ground, we found that the root ball of the palm tree had wrapped itself around the base of the marker and refused to let go.  As a result, what looked like a simple project turned into a long and arduous day as volunteers dug and scraped to free the marker from the tree and then reset it a couple of feet away in a safer location.

In the above photo, Matt Armstrong and other volunteers examine the marker while in the photo below, a volunteer begins to dig.

The marker also turned out to be much longer than we had expected, and for a while it seemed that we would never reach the bottom edge.  But it finally happened, and below we see volunteers Bob Kennedy and Haley Wigley working out a strategy for lifting it.  Next to it you see the new hole dug for it.

Heave ho!

And it’s out!  Haley balances it on the dolly before moving it off for cleaning.

Matt examines the marker, pointing to the how deeply it had been buried. The marker is 36” high and had been buried about 22”, something that would not have been a problem without the palm roots.

Next came cleaning with our trusty D/2 product.

This was followed by resetting it in the new hole (after carefully recording the change that we had made, of course!).

And then our Veterans Day work was done, with Hector Adams’ marker restored to the upright position, cleaned and once again visible to all.

Another November

Tolomato Cemetery was the parish cemetery for the church that is now the Cathedral Basilica of St Augustine and returns to its roots, so to speak, every November. In the Catholic Church, November is the month in which the dead are prayed for and commemorated, and priests from the Cathedral generally celebrate a Mass in the Varela Chapel for this occasion.

Once again this year,  on Saturday, Nov. 3, the Menorcan Society sponsored the Mass and encouraged its members to come, since there are many Minorcans  buried at Tolomato. In fact, it was the priest who served the Minorcans in their New World ordeal during the British Period and also accompanied them on their flight to St. Augustine, Fr. Pedro Camps, who asked British Governor Patrick Tonyn for permission to use the “Old Catholic Cemetery” for burials once again. If you live in St Augustine and visit Tolomato, you will recognize many of the Minorcan names that you see on streets and shops throughout town.

Below is the statue of Fr. Camps and the Minorcans in the west courtyard of the Cathedral. The term “Minorcan” also includes those of Greek, Italian, Sardinian, Sicilian and other stock who were part of the emigration.


The Menorcan Society and other attendees placed flowers on the graves, although unfortunately when I went out to the cemetery later that same day, I found that our abundant squirrel population had tipped over the vases and eaten the flowers, leaving only a random scattering of petals here and there.



But the squirrels didn’t win!  Above, Fr. Ed Booth (who has Minorcan roots) from the Cathedral parish stands for a moment after blessing the grave of his long ago predecessor, Fr. Miguel O’Reilly, who during the Second Spanish Period was the first pastor of the parish that is now the Cathedral. Fr. Miguel O’Reilly died in 1812 and was buried at Tolomato; his successor, Fr. Miguel Crosby (another Irishman ordained in Spain) is buried nearby.